For families
Signs your loved one may need professional treatment
Recognizing that someone you care about may need professional help is difficult. Substance use and mental health conditions often progress gradually, and the person affected may not recognize — or may actively deny — the severity of the situation. As a family member or friend, you may notice changes that the person themselves cannot see.
Behavioral changes to watch for
Certain patterns of behavior may indicate that someone's substance use or mental health has moved beyond what they can manage on their own. These include: withdrawal from family, friends, and activities they used to enjoy; unexplained changes in sleep patterns — sleeping far more or far less than usual; declining performance at work or school; financial problems that don't match their income; secretiveness about their activities, whereabouts, or spending; mood swings that seem disproportionate to circumstances; neglecting personal hygiene and physical appearance; and repeated failed attempts to cut back or stop using a substance on their own.
No single sign is definitive, but a pattern of several of these changes over weeks or months is worth paying attention to.
Physical signs of substance use
Physical changes can be among the most visible indicators. These vary by substance but may include: unexplained weight loss or gain, bloodshot or glazed eyes, frequent nosebleeds, tremors or shakiness (particularly in the morning), slurred speech, impaired coordination, and frequent illness or complaints of feeling unwell.
When it's an emergency
Some situations require immediate action. Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if someone: has overdosed or is unresponsive; is experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms (seizures, hallucinations, extreme agitation); is expressing suicidal thoughts or engaging in self-harm; or has become a danger to themselves or others.
You can also call the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline (call or text 988) for immediate support during a mental health crisis.
How to approach the conversation
Talking to someone about their need for treatment is one of the hardest conversations a family can have. A few principles can help it go better. Choose a time when the person is sober and relatively calm. Use "I" statements — "I've noticed..." and "I'm worried about..." rather than "You always..." or "You need to..." Express concern from a place of love, not judgment. Be specific about the behaviors you've observed rather than making general accusations. Listen more than you talk. Be prepared for denial or anger — it doesn't mean the conversation failed.
It often takes more than one conversation. Plant the seed and be patient. Having information about treatment options ready — including specific facilities you've researched — can be helpful when the person is ready to take the next step.
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How to choose a treatment center: The complete checklistWhat does insurance actually cover for addiction and mental health treatment?Understanding relapse: Why it happens and what to do nextHow much does rehab actually cost in 2026? A real breakdownAbout this article: Written by the Treatment Association editorial team with input from licensed clinicians. Treatment Association is an independent treatment facility directory. We do not provide medical advice, diagnoses, or treatment. If you or someone you know needs help, contact the SAMHSA helpline at 1-800-662-4357.