Mental health

What is ketamine therapy? Medical uses for depression and addiction

Published October 20, 2024 · 8 min read · Updated April 2026

Reviewed for accuracy by licensed clinical professionals.

Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that has emerged as a rapid-acting treatment for treatment-resistant depression. Unlike traditional antidepressants that take weeks, ketamine can produce effects within hours.

FDA-approved: Esketamine (Spravato)

Esketamine nasal spray is FDA-approved for treatment-resistant depression, administered in certified healthcare settings with monitoring.

Off-label IV ketamine

Many clinics offer IV infusions for depression, anxiety, PTSD, and pain. Typically 6 infusions over 2-3 weeks at $400-$800 per session. Insurance rarely covers off-label use.

For addiction

Research explores ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for alcohol and cocaine use disorders with promising early results, though it remains experimental.

Risks

Dissociation, elevated blood pressure, nausea, bladder damage with chronic use, and potential for psychological dependence.

Authoritative sources

This article references guidelines from: NIDA · SAMHSA · CDC

Frequently asked questions

Does ketamine therapy work for depression?

Yes. Research shows rapid antidepressant effects, often within hours, particularly for treatment-resistant depression.

How much does ketamine therapy cost?

$400-$800 per IV session, typically 6 sessions. Esketamine (Spravato) may be covered by insurance.

Is ketamine therapy safe?

Under medical supervision, it has a good safety profile. Side effects include dissociation and temporary blood pressure elevation.

Disclaimer: Informational only. Not medical advice. SAMHSA: 1-800-662-4357.